The Facts on Skin Cancer
Basal cell carcinoma may come in many forms. It often begins as a small, pearly nodule.
Skin cancers–the most widespread of all cancers–encompass a wide variety of types, from fairly benign to highly deadly. Nearly all, however, can be fatal in certain instances, so it is important to diagnose and treat them aggressively when discovered. The cause of most skin cancers is related to exposure to radiation from the sun, so prevention can be as easy as regularly applying sun block and avoiding excessive sunlight. Sun is not the only risk factor; tobacco use has been proved to double the probability of a user developing skin cancer, and human papilloma virus has also been implicated in increased incidence of skin cancer.
Although dermatologists, plastic surgeons, and other doctors may be experts at identifying cases of skin cancer, cancerous lesions are frequently found by patients themselves. They have the best opportunity to observe changes in their own skin and moles from day to day, so it is vital that you take time to look at any moles or blemishes on your skin on a regular basis and try to note when you see any alteration in their condition.
Types of Skin Cancer
The three most common types of skin cancer, from least to most dangerous, are as follows:
Squamous cell carcinoma may begin as a red, scaly patch, a group of crusted nodules, or a sore that doesn't heal.
Basal cell carcinoma – Most often found on the face or other area of skin that has high sun exposure like the head, neck, and shoulders, basal cell usually presents as a raised bump or sore. It often bleeds or itches or behaves like a small wound that won’t heal.
Squamous cell carcinoma – Not as common as basal, but still a very common type of cancer, squamous cell is normally highly treatable when detected in its early stages. It appears as a thickened, scaly and discolored patch of skin, which can transform into a larger tumor if not treated.
Malignant melanoma – One of the deadliest and most difficult to treat of cancers due to its propensity to metastasize (spread throughout other organs and body structures).
While the most frequently observed characteristics of various skin cancers are described, ANY mole that bleeds, ulcerates, changes in size or color, or develops an irregular boundary should be checked out by a professional.
Malignant melanoma is often asymmetrical, with blurred or ragged edges and mottled colors.
Treatment of Skin Cancer
While later stages of skin cancer may require additional treatment such as radiation or chemotherapy, many cancerous moles and tumors that are caught early can be treated through simple excision by a plastic surgeon or dermatologist. Testing is required to make sure that the cancerous cells haven’t spread to other areas of the body, and to positively identify the exact nature of the tissue that is removed. Your doctor may refer you to an oncologist or other specialist after removing a cancerous lesion from your skin.
For many patients, a relatively brief outpatient procedure is all they need to effectively remove the cancerous growth and resume their normal lives. In some instances, though, more complex reconstructive surgery is required to restore the treated area to a more natural appearance. In those cases, a plastic surgeon can help you regain the look or function of an area that was damaged in the treatment process.
The content of this Web site is intended to be used for informational purposes only, and does not constitute medical advice or instruction. If you have more questions about Philadelphia skin cancer treatment, other cosmetic treatments, or reconstructive surgery procedures, please call Dr. Lohner’s Main Line Pennsylvania office and we’ll be happy to schedule a consultation.
